Patients with CKD exhibit a microinflammatory state characterized by elevated circulating inflammatory transmitters and changes in acute temporal protein levels due to decreased ability of the body to clear cytokines and metabolites, increased plasma endotoxin levels due to excessive volume loading, biocompatibility of dialysis membranes during hemodialysis treatment, contamination of dialysis fluid, infection of vascular access, and absorption of intestinal endotoxins due to weakened intestinal barrier during peritoneal dialysis treatment.
Mechanisms of Inflammatory Response on Cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton in CKD Inflammatory Response
Regardless of the etiology, resident fibroblasts are key players in the pathogenesis of CKD and have been shown to play a critical role in the development and progression of the disease. In response to injury, resident fibroblasts transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts expressing α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and have an increased capacity to produce large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to renal fibrosis. During the myofibroblast transition described above, resident fibroblasts activate NF-κB signaling and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, thereby promoting inflammation. Furthermore, in the aging environment, resident fibroblasts transdifferentiate into several different phenotypes of fibroblasts, including CXCL13/CCL19-producing fibroblasts, retinoic acid-producing fibroblasts, and follicular dendritic cells in response to injury and orchestrate the formation of tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT), which results in uncontrolled aberrant inflammation and impedes tissue repair.
Fibroblasts have two jobs during CKD: fibrosis and inflammation [1].
What We Offer
- Cytoskeletal Protein Assay in Inflammatory Response
The expression and distribution of cytoskeletal proteins are affected in the systemic inflammatory response caused by CKD. With our rich experience in biological research, we provide our customers with cytoskeletal protein assays for different samples, including serum, tissue lysate and cell lysate, by ELISA and colorimetric assays. It helps our clients to study the pathological response and therapeutic development of CKD in depth.
- Inflammatory Nephrocyte Cytoskeleton Imaging
There are several factors that cause cytoskeletal damage in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), some of which can cause abnormal endothelial function through damage to the cytoskeletal structure, leading to the development of cardiovascular disease. With our high-resolution imaging platform, we help researchers to dynamically understand the health, morphology, motility, and function of kidney inflammatory cell models.
Our Advantages
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CD BioSciences provides our global customers with cost effective, high quality and efficient research solutions for cytoskeleton related diseases. We guarantee on-time delivery of our products and results, please contact us for more details.
Reference
- Sato Y, et al. Resident fibroblasts in the kidney: a major driver of fibrosis and inflammation[J]. Inflammation and regeneration, 2017, 37(1): 1-7.
For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.
